Data and monitoring

MeshCore telemetry capabilities

Comprehensive coverage of power monitoring, location tracking, sensor integration and network health observation

Understanding network telemetry

Every MeshCore node routinely broadcasts telemetry data describing its current state and surroundings. This encompasses power levels, temperature readings, geographic position, and operational metrics. Such data enables comprehensive network oversight and rapid fault identification.

Nodes transmit status updates at configurable intervals, disseminating information across the channel for all participants to observe. This creates a real-time picture of network vitality: which nodes remain active, their physical locations, and their power reserves.

This guide details available telemetry categories, external sensor integration methods, and practical applications for monitoring, alerting, and trend analysis.

Telemetry categories

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Power telemetry

Cell voltage, capacity percentage, charge state. Fundamental for tracking mobile nodes and scheduling maintenance visits.

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Location telemetry

Latitude, longitude, elevation, velocity. Transmitted automatically for network mapping and participant tracking.

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Environmental telemetry

Temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, air quality indices. Requires external sensors such as BME280, BMP280, or DHT22.

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Air quality telemetry

Indoor air quality index, gas resistance values, volatile organic compound levels. Enabled through BME680 or equivalent sensors.

Power telemetry specifics

All MeshCore nodes autonomously report operational status. This power telemetry encompasses critical health indicators:

Cell voltage
Real-time measurement, typically 3.0V-4.2V for lithium chemistry
Capacity percentage
0-100% derived from voltage discharge curve
Charge state
Charging / Discharging / Complete / Undetermined
Operating duration
Elapsed time since most recent boot cycle

Transmission occurs every 15-60 minutes (adjustable). Applications display all nodes alongside their power status. Invaluable for scheduling battery swaps or identifying underperforming solar installations.

Compatible environmental sensors

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BME280 / bmp280

Temperature, pressure, humidity measurement. Community favourite. I2C connection. Approximately £5 from UK suppliers.

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BME680

BME280 capabilities plus VOC gas detection for IAQ scoring. Excellent for indoor environment monitoring. Around £10.

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DHT22

Budget temperature and humidity sensor. Lower precision than BME alternatives but adequate for general-purpose readings. Roughly £2.

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SHT31

Laboratory-grade temperature and humidity accuracy. I2C interface. Favoured in professional monitoring applications.

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INA219 / ina260

Voltage and current measurement modules. Monitor solar panel output, track battery charge/discharge rates. Essential for advanced power analysis.

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Custom implementations

Connect bespoke sensors via I2C, SPI, or analogue inputs. MeshCore accommodates plugin extensions for novel sensor types.

Location tracking and positioning

Nodes equipped with GPS receivers (NEO-6M, NEO-8M, or integrated modules) automatically transmit position updates. Enables tracking, mapping, and emergency location sharing.

Position broadcasting
Coordinates, altitude, precision indicator (HDOP). Transmission intervals from 5-60 minutes, or triggered by significant movement (intelligent positioning).
Motion tracking
Speed, bearing, distance covered. Derived automatically from GPS data stream. Ideal for monitoring hikers, cyclists, or vehicles.
Clock synchronisation
GPS Signals include precise atomic timing. Nodes synchronise internal clocks for accurate message timestamps.
Point sharing
Distribute notable locations (waypoints) across the network. Participants see shared points on their maps. Perfect for group expeditions, events, or search operations.

Telemetry advantages

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Complete visibility

Observe all nodes simultaneously: locations, power reserves, online status. Comprehensive network health at a glance.

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Early warning capability

Receive alerts when batteries deplete, nodes disappear, or sensors report anomalies. Address issues before they escalate.

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Asset tracking

GPS telemetry reveals node positions. Valuable for group coordination, event management, search and rescue, fleet monitoring.

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Environmental awareness

Capture temperature, humidity, pressure, and air quality readings. Construct distributed weather stations or sensor networks.

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Historical analysis

Export telemetry via MQTT for archival storage, Grafana visualisation, or Home Assistant automation integration.

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Fault diagnosis

Problematic nodes reveal battery levels, uptime figures, and last known positions. Simplifies root cause identification.

Telemetry queries answered

How frequently does telemetry transmit?

Default intervals: 15 minutes for power telemetry, 30-60 minutes for sensor data. GPS can report more frequently (every 2-5 minutes) with intelligent positioning enabled. All intervals are adjustable. Shorter intervals mean faster updates but increased power consumption.

Are external sensors mandatory?

No, power telemetry (voltage, uptime) functions automatically on all nodes. GPS telemetry requires a positioning module. Environmental telemetry demands external sensors like BME280. Core network functionality operates without additional hardware.

Can telemetry feed external systems?

Absolutely. MQTT bridging forwards telemetry to message brokers. From there, ingest into Home Assistant, InfluxDB, Grafana, or custom applications. Consult the MeshCore MQTT documentation for configuration details.

Which GPS module suits my needs?

NEO-6M (roughly £8) provides cost-effective basic positioning. NEO-8M (approximately £15) delivers improved accuracy and faster satellite acquisition. Both integrate seamlessly with MeshCore. Certain boards like T-Beam include GPS natively.

Does telemetry significantly impact battery life?

Telemetry packets remain compact (10-50 bytes). Power overhead is minimal (roughly 1-2% additional drain). GPS receivers, however, draw substantial current (approximately 50mA). Use intelligent positioning or disable GPS entirely when battery longevity takes priority.

Can I implement custom telemetry?

Yes. MeshCore supports sensor plugins. Connect custom hardware via I2C, SPI, or analogue pins and transmit readings through standard telemetry channels. Refer to plugin development documentation for implementation guidance.

Begin monitoring your network

Ready to leverage telemetry for network oversight? Select hardware with GPS and sensor compatibility.